Preheat oven to 400º.: The moment the oven warms you will notice a dry, warming scent in the kitchen that signals the pastry will crisp properly during the first high temperature stage, which helps set the edges before the gentler bake. A common mistake is skipping preheat, which can make the crust soggy, so wait until the oven reaches temperature. Use an oven thermometer to confirm accuracy if your oven runs cool or hot.
Heat the butter in a skillet. Add mushrooms, sprinkle with a pinch of salt, and saute till tender. Add spinach and red bell pepper; cook and toss until the spinach is wilted. Remove from heat.: As the butter melts and foams, you will hear a soft sizzle as the mushrooms hit the hot pan, and their aroma intensifies into a toasted, earthy perfume. The vegetables release moisture that then concentrates into richer flavors as they brown slightly. I like to keep the heat medium so the mushrooms develop color without burning, and I add the spinach last so it wilts quickly. A typical error is crowding the pan, which causes steaming rather than browning, so cook in batches if needed.
Whisk together eggs, half and half, cream, salt, and pepper. Stir in the 1 1/2 cups of cheese of your choice. Set aside.: When you whisk the eggs and dairy, the mixture becomes glossy and slightly viscous, which will translate to a silky custard after baking. The grated cheese should be folded in so its strands are evenly distributed, which ensures each slice has pockets of melty cheese. Avoid over-whisking, which can incorporate excess air and lead to an uneven, spongy texture. Taste a tiny amount of the custard to check seasoning before pouring.
Sprinkle crust with green onion and vegetables. Pour the egg mixture into the pastry shell.: As you layer the sautéed vegetables and sliced green onion into the chilled shell, you will see the colors contrast against the pale dough, and the aroma of warm vegetables will mingle with the buttery pastry. Pouring the custard should be slow and steady so the filling settles evenly. If your vegetables are still steaming, blot them briefly to prevent excess moisture from pooling, which can interfere with a clean set.
Bake for 15 minutes at 400º. Decrease temperature to 325º and continue baking for about 40 minutes or till a knife inserted near the center comes out clean.: Initially the higher temperature will prompt the crust to puff and the outer custard to set, creating a protective edge; you'll notice faint browning around the rim and a gentle bubbling at the center. After the temp drops to 325º, the interior finishes cooking more gently, producing a creamy, uniformly set center. Use the knife test near the center, and expect a slight jiggle that will firm as it cools. Overbaking dries the custard, so remove it when a clean knife indicates doneness. If the crust browns too quickly, tent with foil to prevent burning while the center finishes cooking.