Cut the top off of each bell pepper and scoop the seeds and white membranes out. Cut up some of the peppers that is around the tops to equal about 1/2 cup diced pepper.: The air will smell bright and vegetal as you slice into the bell peppers , and you want to see firm walls with a clean hollow center, not soft spots. Reserve the removed pepper tops because dicing them adds sweetness and texture to the filling. A common mistake is cutting too deep and splitting the pepper sides, which makes them unstable in the cooker, so aim for a horizontal cut that leaves most of the body intact. Press out seeds with your fingers and use a small spoon for the ribs, this helps the peppers hold filling and avoids bitter white membranes mixing into the filling.
Brown the ground beef in a large nonstick pan, crumbling it as it cooks. When it is about halfway cooked, add the onion, diced bell pepper and garlic. Continue to cook until there is no more pink in the ground beef.: As the ground beef hits the hot pan you should hear a steady sizzle and smell a deep meaty aroma, this browning creates fond that flavors the whole dish. Add the diced onion and reserved diced bell pepper when the meat is partially cooked so the vegetables soften and sweeten without burning. Keep stirring and break the meat into small pieces so the texture is even throughout the filling. Avoid rushing this step, underbrowned meat will taste flat, while overbrowned or burnt garlic will give bitterness; when the meat is no longer pink and the onions are translucent, you are in the right place.
Add 1 cup marinara sauce, the salt, pepper, Italian seasoning, and white rice. Stir well. Spoon mixture into the peppers and place them in a 6-quart slow cooker.: Immediately you will notice the tomato aroma lift and the mixture start to glisten, the rice should be well distributed so every bite has tender grains. Stirring until evenly combined ensures the seasoning and sauce coat the meat and rice evenly. When spooning into the peppers, press the filling gently so there are no air pockets, and arrange the stuffed peppers snugly in the 6-quart slow cooker so they support each other. A frequent error is overfilling which can cause leaking; fill until slightly mounded but not spilling over.
Pour the remaining marinara sauce around the peppers and spoon any extra filling around the peppers as well.: Pouring the remaining marinara sauce around creates a moist bath that keeps the peppers from drying and allows the flavors to mingle. You should see the sauce pool and edge up between peppers, which helps them cook evenly. Spoon any leftover filling into gaps so nothing goes to waste and each pepper benefits from surrounding sauce. One pitfall is pouring sauce over the peppers so it covers their tops completely, which can prevent the cheese from browning later; keep most sauce around the bases.
Cover and cook on LOW for 5 hours.: Once covered, the cooker will emit a soft, steady simmering sound and the kitchen will slowly fill with tomato and herb aromas. The low, gentle heat lets the bell peppers become tender without collapsing, while the filling finishes cooking and absorbs sauce. Resist the urge to lift the lid during cooking since that releases heat and adds to overall time. A common mistake is using HIGH, which can over soften peppers and dry out the filling; trust the low setting for tender, even results.
Remove the top and sprinkle on the mozzarella cheese. Cover for 5 minutes to melt the cheese.: When you take the lid off, steam will rise and the surface should look set and saucy. Sprinkle the shredded mozzarella evenly so it melts into a creamy blanket rather than clumping in one spot. After covering for about five minutes the cheese will be melted and slightly stringy, offering a glossy finish. Avoid leaving it uncovered too long after adding cheese, or it can cool and lose that desirable melty texture; serve shortly after the cheese has melted for the best presentation and mouthfeel.