Preheat the oven to 375 degrees Fahrenheit. Coat a 9×13 inch baking dish with cooking spray and set aside.: As you preheat, notice the shift in the kitchen air as warmth builds, which helps the crust form on top during baking. Preheating ensures the oven is hot enough so the dish bakes evenly, delivering a bubbly center and lightly browned top. A common mistake is placing the casserole into a cool oven, which leads to longer bake times and uneven texture. Make sure the rack is positioned in the center so the heat circulates evenly around the pan.
In a saucepan or skillet add the butter and cream. Turn to medium-low heat. Whisk until the butter is completely melted.: You will smell the sweet richness of the butter as it melts into the heavy whipping cream , and the mixture should glisten. This gentle melt prevents the dairy from scorching and creates a smooth base. If the heat is too high, the cream can separate or scorch, giving a burnt note, so keep it at medium low and whisk frequently to maintain a silky texture.
Add the minced garlic, garlic powder, Italian seasoning, salt and pepper to the skillet. Whisk until combined.: The moment you add the garlic , its aroma will bloom and fill the room with savory perfume. Whisking incorporates the seasonings so flavor distributes evenly, which is essential for every bite to taste balanced. Avoid adding the seasonings all at once at high heat because the garlic can brown too quickly, producing bitterness; keep stirring to meld flavors gently.
Bring to a gentle simmer, making sure not to boil and cook 3-4 minutes or until it starts to thicken. Whisk constantly.: At a simmer, subtle bubbles will appear at the edges and the sauce will begin to coat the back of a spoon. This reduced state concentrates flavor and slightly thickens the sauce, which helps it cling to the pasta . Boiling will break the emulsion and can make the sauce grainy, so maintain a gentle simmer and whisk to keep the texture smooth.
Stir in Parmesan cheese and whisk until melted. Remove from heat.: As you add the Parmesan cheese , you will see the sauce change from glossy to velvety, and a nutty aroma will develop. Whisking ensures the cheese melts fully without clumping. If you let it cook longer on direct heat, the cheese can seize and become stringy, so remove from heat once it is smooth and fully integrated.
Place the cooked pasta and cooked shrimp in a large bowl. Pour the alfredo sauce over the top and stir until coated.: When you mix everything together, the steam from the pasta will loosen the sauce, helping it envelope each piece. The shrimp will warm through without overcooking if you fold it in carefully. A frequent issue is mixing while the pasta is too hot, which can thin the sauce, so let the pasta cool a minute if needed to keep the sauce creamy.
Pour the pasta mixture into the prepared pan and top with shredded Mozzarella cheese.: Spreading the mixture evenly ensures uniform baking and bubbling. The Mozzarella cheese on top will form that irresistible golden layer, sealing in moisture. Pressing the mixture too firmly can compact it and prevent even bubbling, so gently level it instead of packing it down.
Place in a preheated oven and bake, uncovered, for 20 minutes or until pasta is bubbly and cheese has just started to brown.: In the oven the surface will begin to bubble and the aroma will become more pronounced, signaling that the dish is nearing done. The visual cue of light browning on the Mozzarella cheese is the best indicator to remove it. Leaving it too long risks drying the edges and overcooking the shrimp , so check around 18 to 20 minutes for a perfect finish.
Sprinkle chopped fresh parsley on top of casserole if desired.: The bright scent of freshly chopped parsley adds color and a hint of freshness that lifts the rich flavors. Sprinkle it right before serving so the herbs remain vivid and aromatic. Adding it earlier will cause it to wilt and lose its pop, which is an easy oversight to avoid.