Heat grill with a medium-high flame. Oil grates or line with a nontoxic, nonstick grilling mat.: The air should smell faintly warm and metallic as the grates heat up, and you will see a slight shimmer on the metal when it is ready; heating properly ensures immediate sear marks and prevents sticking. If the grill is too cool, the fruit will warm without caramelizing, producing a bland result, while too hot a surface risks burning the sugars before the interior softens. A common mistake is not oiling the grates, which causes the pineapple and peppers to stick and tear, losing precious caramelization.
Lightly brush pineapple slices, peppers, and the cut side of the limes with olive oil. Season with a few pinches of kosher salt and freshly ground black pepper.: The oil will start to glisten and the salt will draw out surface moisture, helping the grill develop darker, glossy char lines; when you brush the pieces you might smell the bright fruit oils and faint green pepper aroma. This simple seasoning helps create a seasoned crust while the heat begins the Maillard changes. Avoid over-oiling, because excess oil can cause flare ups and impart a bitter, burnt oil taste.
Grill, placing limes cut side down, until grill marks appear and pineapple and peppers have begun to soften; 3-4 minutes total for the limes, 3-4 minutes per side for the peppers, and 5-8 minutes per side for the pineapple (watch the pineapple carefully so it doesn't burn). Remove from grill and let stand until cool enough to handle.: You will hear a soft sizzle as the juices interact with the hot metal, and visually, the pineapple edges will turn golden and translucent while the peppers will show blistered blackened skin. The lime's cut face should show deep lines and a fragrant, slightly caramelized scent. This resting period allows carryover heat to finish gentle cooking. A common pitfall is leaving pieces unattended, causing charred bitterness instead of sweet caramel notes.
Cut grilled jalapeño pepper in half lengthwise and remove seeds (if you prefer a spicy salsa, you can leave the seeds in). Chop grilled pineapple and peppers into bite-sized pieces. You should have about 2 cups of pineapple and 1/2 to 3/4 cup of red pepper.: As you slice, you will notice the soft yield of the pineapple and the smoky, softened flesh of the pepper; the aroma will be a rounded mix of sweet fruit and smoky pepper skin. Removing seeds reduces the heat and keeps the texture pleasant; leaving seeds adds assertive spice. Avoid chopping too finely, which can make the salsa pasty rather than textural and vibrant.
In a medium bowl, whisk together 1 tablespoon extra virgin olive oil, 1/2 tablespoon grilled lime juice, honey, 1/2 teaspoon ground cumin, 1/2 teaspoon kosher salt, and 1/4 teaspoon pepper. Add pineapple, peppers, red onion, and cilantro, tossing to combine. Season to taste with additional salt, pepper, and cumin, if desired.: The dressing should feel silky and slightly thick when whisked, and it will coat the diced pieces with a glossy sheen; the aroma will lift as citrus and honey mingle. Tossing distributes the flavors evenly, and tasting at this stage helps you judge whether more acid, salt, or warmth is needed. A typical error is overseasoning early, which can overpower the delicate fruit notes; season gradually and adjust after resting.
Let stand, covered, for about an hour to allow flavors to meld, stirring before serving.: During this hour you will observe the salsa slightly relax as the juices mingle, mellowing sharp edges and marrying smoky and sweet characteristics; the scent becomes more integrated, less like separate pieces. This waiting time enhances depth and makes the salsa taste more thoughtful than rushed preparations. Do not skip the rest, because serving immediately can result in disjointed flavors; also avoid leaving it unrefrigerated for too long in warm weather to prevent spoilage.