Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil. Cook the pasta until al dente according to package instructions. SAVE 1 1/2 CUPS OF THE PASTA COOKING LIQUID DON'T FORGET!!!! Drain the pasta and set aside.: The moment the water hits a rolling boil you will smell the minerality that tells you it is ready, and once the pasta hits the water you should hear a steady, gentle bubbling. Cooking to al dente gives the dish a satisfyingly firm bite, and boiling in plenty of water prevents sticking. A common mistake is under salting the water; it should taste like the sea, because that is how the pasta absorbs seasoning. When draining, reserve the starchy water carefully in a heatproof measuring cup, that liquid is the secret to turning ricotta into a silky sauce. Avoid rinsing the pasta, as that strips away the starch you need to bind the sauce.
To the same pot you used to cook the pasta, add the ricotta, Parmesan, 1/2 teaspoon salt, black pepper, and red pepper. Zest the lemon directly over the top, then squeeze and the juice. Stir to combine, then stir in 1 cup of the reserved pasta water. Continue stirring until smooth.: As you stir warm the ricotta cheese begins to loosen and absorb the flavors, and the grated Parmesan melts into a silky emulsion with the starchy water. The lemon zest releases aromatic oils that perfume the sauce, while the juice adds a bright tang. You should see the mixture become glossy and slightly fluid, not grainy, which signals proper emulsification. If the sauce appears clumpy, add more reserved pasta water a splash at a time while whisking; this rescues texture. Avoid overheating, as high heat can make the ricotta separate; keep the pot off direct high heat when finishing the sauce.
Add the drained pasta, basil, and remaining herbs. Stir gently until the pasta is coated and you have some sauce pooling at the bottom. If needed, turn the heat to low and rewarm slightly. Taste and adjust seasoning. I add a few more pinches of salt.: When the hot pasta meets the cheese mixture you will hear a soft sizzle and see the sauce cling to each piece, forming little pools in the curves. The herbs release fresh fragrance as they warm, and tugging a forkful should show a glossy coating rather than dry crumbs. This step is where balance happens, so taste for salt and acidity and correct in small increments; adding too much salt at once is an easy misstep. If the sauce seems thin, let it sit on low heat for a minute to thicken slightly, stirring frequently to avoid sticking. If it gets too tight, a splash of reserved pasta water loosens it back up.
Serve immediately with a sprinkle of additional Parmesan and herbs.: On the plate, the contrast of snowy ricotta and fresh green herbs is visually inviting, and the final grating of Parmesan adds a nutty perfume. Spoon the pasta into warmed bowls so the sauce stays glossy longer, and finish with a scatter of herbs for both scent and texture. A common mistake is letting the dish rest too long before serving, which cools the sauce and reduces creaminess. Serve right away so every bite is warm and bright.