Adjust the oven rack to the lower-middle position. Preheat the oven to 350°F (180°C), or 160°C for a fan oven.: You will notice the oven warming and the faint scent of metal heating up, which signals a stable environment for baking the crust. Proper rack placement ensures the crust browns evenly without the top of the cheesecake overbrowning, and preheating guarantees consistent baking temperatures. A common mistake is to skip preheating, which can lead to uneven bake and a crust that does not set properly.
Lightly grease a 9-inch (23 cm) springform pan with butter, then line it with parchment paper (bottom and sides).: The tactile feel of butter against the pan and the soft slip of parchment ensure the cake will release cleanly. Lining both bottom and sides protects the crust and helps contain the batter for an even rise. If you skip lining the sides, the springform can stick and cause the crust to tear when unmolding.
Crush the graham crackers in a food processor, then combine them in a bowl with melted butter and sugar. Stir the mixture and let the graham cracker crumbs absorb the butter.: As you pulse the graham crackers you will hear a quick crunch transform into fine crumbs, and the aroma will shift toward warm toast. Stirring in melted butter coats the crumbs so they cling together when pressed, while a little sugar enhances caramel like notes. A mistake to avoid is leaving the crumbs uneven, which results in an inconsistent crust texture.
Press the crumb mixture into the bottom and sides of the prepared springform pan. Flatten the bottom using a measuring cup. Bake for 8 minutes, then set aside.: Pressing the crumb mixture firmly gives you a compact shell that resists sogginess from the filling. Use the bottom of a measuring cup to compress the crumbs to a uniform thickness so the bake is even and the edges do not crumble. Baking briefly sets the crust and deepens flavor, and you should see a golden tint; underbaking can leave the crust fragile and prone to falling apart when sliced.
Lower the oven temperature to 325°F (160°C) or 275°F (140°C) for a fan oven. Wrap the springform pan with two large pieces of foil, covering the seams to protect it.: The lower temperature promotes gentle, even cooking of the custard like filling, and the foil barrier prevents water from seeping in during the water bath. Wrapping securely also reduces the risk of steam causing the crust to soften. Poor sealing can allow water to enter the pan, leading to a watery edge or a soggy crust.
In a stand mixer fitted with a paddle attachment, beat the cream cheese and sugar on high speed until creamy. Add eggs one at a time, mixing between each addition until just incorporated.: You will see the cream cheese transform from lumpy to satin smooth, with the sugar dissolving into the mixture. Adding eggs slowly keeps the batter emulsified and prevents curdling, which helps maintain a silky texture. Overbeating at this stage traps air and can cause splits, so avoid whipping in excess.
Add sugar, flour, lemon zest, sour cream, heavy cream, vanilla, and salt, and mix until smooth, being careful not to overmix.: Once combined the batter should look glossy with no streaks, and the lemon aroma will be bright. Each ingredient plays a role, with the flour helping structure, sour cream adding tang, and heavy cream lending silkiness. Overmixing extra air into the batter can lead to cracks or an uneven rise, so mix just until smooth.
Fold in the blueberries and pour the cheesecake mixture into the prepared crust.: Folding in the blueberries should be done gently so they are distributed without breaking up completely. The berries will add little pockets of sweetness and a lovely visual scatter when you slice. If you fold too forcefully the berries will bleed and tint the batter, creating streaks rather than distinct pockets.
Prepare a water bath by placing a roasting pan in the oven and placing the cheesecake pan in the middle of it. Pour boiling water around the cheesecake until 1 inch deep.: Pouring hot water creates humid heat which bakes the custard slowly and prevents cracking. The gentle hiss of water and the steam rising in the oven are signs the bath is working. Make sure the foil seal is tight; otherwise water may seep in and swamp the crust.
Bake for 60-70 minutes. Tent with foil if the top browns too much.: During this time the cake will turn from jiggly to gently set, with the center moving slightly like soft pudding. The edges should feel set while the center has a subtle wobble, and the top will develop a pale color. If it browns too fast, a foil tent will shield the surface while allowing the interior to finish cooking. Overbaking dries the filling, so err on the side of slightly underdone as it will continue to set while cooling.
Turn off the oven, slightly open the door, and let the cheesecake cool in the oven for 1 hour. Then, cool completely at room temperature. Lastly, chill in the fridge for at least 6 hours or overnight.: Cooling slowly reduces the risk of cracking, and you will notice the scent mellow as the cake settles. The cheesecake firms up during refrigeration, which makes clean slicing possible. Chilling less than recommended can yield a too soft center that does not hold shape.
Prepare the lemon blueberry topping by adding the blueberries, sugar, lemon juice, and cornstarch to a medium saucepan over medium heat.: As the mixture heats you will hear soft bubbling and see the blueberries begin to soften and release juices, creating a fragrant syrup. The cornstarch helps thicken the mixture without clouding the color, while lemon juice brightens the flavor. Cook on too high heat and the topping may scorch or reduce too quickly.
Cook, stirring frequently, until the blueberries have mostly split and the sauce has thickened. Remove from the heat and allow to cool before spreading over the cheesecake.: The sauce will thicken into a glossy jam like consistency and the aroma will be intensely fruity with citrus lift. Cooling prevents the topping from melting into the filling when you spread it, preserving a tidy finish. Spreading it while hot may cause the topping to run off the cake.
Top the chilled cheesecake with the blueberry sauce. Decorate with homemade whipped cream and lemon slices if desired.: The final assembly is visually rewarding, with deep blue sauce sitting atop creamy white filling and bright yellow lemon slices providing contrast. A gentle chill keeps slices tidy, and a small dollop of whipped cream adds lightness. Avoid cutting too soon as the sauce and filling need solidity to hold neat slices.