Turn the Instant Pot to saute. When it is hot add the ground beef, onion, salt and pepper. Cook until the meat is browned. During the last minute of cooking, add the minced garlic and stir to combine.: When the pot heats, you'll notice a shimmering surface on the bottom and a faint sizzle once you add the ground beef and onion . The smell of browning meat and softened onion is deeply savory and signals flavor development through the Maillard reaction, which creates the browned bits that enrich the final sauce. Listen for a steady sizzle rather than a rapid spit, which means the heat is about right. One common mistake is overcrowding the pot, which causes the beef to steam instead of brown; if this happens, brown in two batches so you still get those caramelized bits.
Cancel the saute function on the Instant Pot.: As the ground beef hits the hot surface, you should hear a louder sizzle and see juices begin to release. Break the meat up with a wooden spoon so it browns evenly, and stir the diced onion into the mix so it softens and caramelizes alongside the beef. The added salt helps draw moisture from the onion for faster softening, while the black pepper adds warmth. Avoid stirring constantly, because allowing the meat to sit for short periods helps deeper browning; over stirring prevents fond from forming.
Drain any excess grease off of hamburger mixture.: Watch for deep golden brown color on the meat and darkened bits on the pot bottom, and smell the rich roasted aroma. This step builds the backbone of flavor, and those browned fragments will dissolve into the sauce later, giving complexity. A typical sign it's ready is when the meat is uniformly colored and the onion is translucent. A common pitfall is undercooking, which leaves a raw note, or overcooking, which dries the meat out, so aim for a moist, browned texture.
Add tomatoes, Worcestershire sauce, beef broth, tomato soup, brown sugar, noodles and bay leaves. Stir to mix.: When you throw in the garlic , the kitchen will fill with a bright, aromatic scent that complements the browned meat. Add it at the end to avoid burning, which would create bitterness. Stir for about a minute until the raw edge is gone, then move to the next step. If garlic turns dark quickly, reduce the heat because burned garlic ruins the flavor.
Seal the lid, making sure the pressure release valve is set to 'sealing'. Set your Instant Pot to manual high pressure for 5 minutes.: Turning off sauteing lets the pot cool slightly and prevents continued high heat which could scorch the base once more liquid is added. This pause also gives you a chance to drain rendered fat safely if needed. Avoid leaving the pot on saute while adding large amounts of liquid, because sudden splatter can occur.
When the timer is up perform a quick release of pressure. Take the pot out of the pressure cooker, remove bay leaves and add cheese to the top. Let rest for 5 minutes allowing cheese to melt and mixture to thicken.: Removing excess grease prevents an overly oily final sauce and helps the seasoning shine through. Use a heatproof measuring cup or spoon to skim off the fat, or pour briefly into a separate container. A frequent error is leaving too much grease, which can make the dish heavy; conversely removing every bit can strip flavor, so leave a small sheen for richness.
Add tomatoes, Worcestershire sauce, beef broth, tomato soup, brown sugar, noodles and bay leaves: At this point add the canned tomatoes with their juices, Worcestershire sauce , low sodium beef broth , canned tomato soup , brown sugar , dry elbow macaroni , and bay leaves . Stir so the pasta is submerged and the ingredients combine into a cohesive mixture. The sound will shift to a gentle swish as you incorporate liquids with the browned base, and you'll see the sauce become uniform. Make sure the pasta is below the surface to prevent any dry spots after pressure cooking. A common mishap is not scraping up browned bits first, which can cause a burn notice; deglaze the pot with a splash of broth if needed.
Stir to mix: As you stir everything together, notice how the sauce becomes glossy and homogenous, with bits of beef and onion suspended within. This is the moment to taste a spoonful of the raw sauce for seasoning, knowing the flavors will intensify with pressure. If the mixture seems too thick to gently move, add a touch more broth so the pasta reaches the proper liquid ratio. Avoid over stirring after adding dry pasta because agitating too much can release starch and create a gluey texture.
Seal the lid, making sure the pressure release valve is set to 'sealing': Placing the lid and setting the valve creates the environment the Instant Pot needs to build steam pressure. You'll hear the faint hiss as it begins to come to pressure, and the pot will become quieter as it locks in heat. Confirm the valve is correctly positioned because an open valve prevents pressure buildup and undercooked pasta. A common oversight is not aligning the lid before twisting, which prevents proper sealing.
Set your Instant Pot to manual high pressure for 5 minutes: Choosing high pressure for a short time cooks the elbow macaroni through while keeping it slightly firm, and the tomato soup and broth meld into a cohesive sauce. The machine will take time to come to pressure before the countdown begins, so factor that into total time. If you prefer a softer pasta texture, add an extra minute, but be careful because overcooking can make the pasta mushy.
When the timer is up perform a quick release of pressure: Quickly releasing the pressure stops the cooking immediately, preserving the pasta's texture and preventing overcooking. Expect a loud steam release and a change in aroma as the steam vents. Use a long utensil to switch the valve if steam is hot, and keep hands and face away. A mistake here is performing a natural release, which continues cooking and may produce too soft a pasta texture.
Take the pot out of the pressure cooker, remove bay leaves and add cheese to the top: After opening, remove the bay leaves and sprinkle the cheddar cheese across the surface; the residual heat will melt it into creamy pockets. Visually you should see melted ribbons and a glossy surface forming, with a richer aroma of dairy joining the tomato and beef. If the mixture seems thin, resting will help it thicken. A common issue is leaving the bay leaves in the pot while serving, which results in unpleasant bites, so always fish them out.
Let rest for 5 minutes allowing cheese to melt and mixture to thicken: Resting is essential because it lets starches relax and the sauce set up, creating a creamier final texture and allowing flavors to marry. During these minutes you'll notice steam fade and the sauce become slightly less fluid, clinging to the pasta. Resist stirring immediately, because letting it settle produces better texture. A common temptation is to dig in right away, which can result in a looser, less cohesive dish.