In a large bowl, combine the water, yeast, honey and olive oil. Mix with a spoon, then let sit until foamy, about 10 minutes. Add in 2 1/2 cups of the flour, the salt, garlic powder and dried basil and oregano, stirring with a spoon until the dough comes together but it still sticky. Using your hands, form the dough into a ball and work the additional 1/2 cup flour (you don’t need to use all if it is not needed) into the dough, kneading it on a floured surface for a few minutes. Rub the same bowl with olive oil then place the dough inside, turning to coat. Cover with a towel and place in a warm place to rise for about 1 1/2 hours.: The bowl will smell faintly sweet and yeasty as the mixture becomes frothy, signaling active yeast . You want the surface to look bubbly and slightly thickened, not flat, because that foam confirms the yeast is alive and will give the dough lift. If nothing happens, the yeast may be old or the water too hot or too cold. A common mistake is testing with boiling water which kills the yeast ; aim for that pleasantly warm, wrist friendly temperature. Stirring briefly helps dissolve the honey and distributes the olive oil , which will become a subtle richness in the dough. If the mix smells sour or alcohol like, discard and start again because that indicates over fermented or spoiled yeast .
Preheat oven to 425 degrees F. Line a baking sheet with parchment paper.: Touching the dough at this point should reveal a tacky, cohesive mass that pulls away from the bowl in strands. The scent will be faintly herby from the dried basil and oregano , and the texture is forgiving, allowing you to add more flour later. This texture ensures a tender interior after baking. A frequent error is adding all the flour at once which creates a dry, tough dough; resist that urge and let the dough tell you when it needs more flour.
After the dough has risen, punch it down and place it back on the floured surface. Using a rolling pin, roll it out into a large thin rectangle or oval. Slice the dough into strips. Take each strip and gently 'tie' it into a knot, placing it on the baking sheet lined with parchment and repeating with the rest of the dough. Place the towel over the knots and let the baking sheet sit in the warm place for 20 minutes.: As you knead, the dough will transition from shaggy to elastic, with a smooth sheen and a subtle spring when pressed. Kneading develops gluten, which gives structure and chew to the knots, so take your time until you get a soft, pliable feel. If the dough sticks badly, sprinkle small amounts of the reserved flour rather than dumping it in. Overkneading will make the dough tight and less tender, so stop once it feels coordinated and slightly tacky.
Bake the garlic knots for 20 to 25 minutes, or until golden on top. Remove the sheet from the oven and immediately brush the bread with the brown butter herb mixture. If you want, top with some freshly grated cheese. Serve!: Coating the dough with olive oil prevents a crust from forming on its surface during the rise and keeps the dough supple. The bowl should have a thin sheen of oil and the dough should glisten slightly where it touches. This step also adds a faint fruity note to the dough perimeter. A common slip is using too much oil which can pool and make the bottom overly soft, so use just enough to lightly coat.
Heat a saucepan over medium heat and add the butter. Immediately begin whisking. Stir as it bubbles, and after 2 to 3 minutes or so you should see brown bits appear on the bottom of the pan. Remove from heat immediately and add in the garlic cloves. Continue to whisk for another 30 seconds. Stir in the basil, parsley and oregano.: As it rises, you will see the dough double in size and become airy, with tiny bubbles visible under the surface. The smell will shift to a deeper yeasty aroma. This fermentation time builds flavor and texture, giving the final knots an open, tender crumb. If your kitchen is cool, place the bowl in an oven with just the light on, or near a warm appliance; avoid placing it in direct heat which can speed fermentation too fast and yield off flavors.
Preheat oven to 425 degrees F. Line a baking sheet with parchment paper: The oven heat will provide rapid steam and oven spring to create a light interior and golden exterior. Lining with parchment paper prevents sticking and helps even browning. As the oven warms you may smell a toasty scent from the heating elements, which promises crisping. Putting the knots into a cold oven is a mistake because they will not spring properly and may end up dense.
After the dough has risen, punch it down and place it back on the floured surface. Using a rolling pin, roll it out into a large thin rectangle or oval: Punching down releases large gas pockets and gives you a workable dough that will shape evenly. Rolling creates an even thickness which ensures uniform baking, and you will feel the dough relax and spread under the pin. If the dough resists, let it rest for a few minutes to relax the gluten. Overrolling too thin can make the knots bake dry, so aim for a thin but still substantial sheet.
Slice the dough into strips. Take each strip and gently 'tie' it into a knot, placing it on the baking sheet lined with parchment and repeating with the rest of the dough. Place the towel over the knots and let the baking sheet sit in the warm place for 20 minutes: The shaped knots will puff slightly as they proof, and they should feel light when pressed. This second rest helps produce a tender interior and prevents a dense finished texture. Arrange them with space to allow expansion. A common mistake is tying knots too tightly which prevents even expansion, so keep them relaxed and looped.
Bake the garlic knots for 20 to 25 minutes, or until golden on top. Remove the sheet from the oven and immediately brush the bread with the brown butter herb mixture. If you want, top with some freshly grated cheese. Serve: The oven will fill with a nutty, yeasty aroma as the edges caramelize and the tops turn golden. The sound is a quiet crackle as the crust sets, and the surface should look uniformly golden not pale. Brushing immediately with the warm brown butter herb mixture allows the knots to absorb that glossy, savory coating; the heat draws in the flavors. Waiting too long to brush will reduce absorption and lead to a less integrated finish.
Heat a saucepan over medium heat and add the butter. Immediately begin whisking. Stir as it bubbles, and after 2 to 3 minutes or so you should see brown bits appear on the bottom of the pan. Remove from heat immediately and add in the garlic cloves. Continue to whisk for another 30 seconds. Stir in the basil, parsley and oregano: As the butter heats it will foam, then subside and develop brown flecks that smell toasted and nutty; that aroma is the hallmark of brown butter . Adding the minced garlic off the heat preserves its bright flavor while allowing it to warm slightly, preventing bitter burned garlic . Stirring in the fresh herbs at the end keeps their color and fragrance vibrant, creating a lively, aromatic sauce. Burnt butter smells acrid and must be discarded, so remove the pan the moment you see the brown specks.